well known musical compositions quartal harmony

Jazz and rock of the 1960s frequently used quartal harmony. The 3,6,9 chord sometimes used as a final. Composers who use the techniques of quartal harmony include Claude Debussy, Francis Poulenc, Alexander Scriabin, Alban Berg, Leonard Bernstein, Arnold Schoenberg, Igor Stravinsky, and Anton Webern (Herder 1987, 78) Arnold Schoenbergs Chamber Symphony Op. Quartal harmony was developed in the early 20th century as a result of this breakdown and reevaluation of tonality. It is used in jazz and musicians who promote quartal harmony will claim that they produce a unique and modern sound. His student and musical disciple, Alban Berg, was broaching on atonality, quartal and augmented harmonies in Sonata, Op. In the later 19th century, during the breakdown of tonality in Classical music, all intervallic relationships were once again reassessed. Contrast these concepts with the tertian (stacked in thirds) harmony we’ve encountered in the majority of this text. Secundal harmony refers to chords stacked entirely (or mostly) in seconds. Quintal harmony refers to chords stacked entirely (or mostly) in fifths. The possibilities for building three-note fourth chords are: These chord formations (in. These chords don’t need to have these intervals exclusively, as long as fourths or fifths predominate, they are still considered as such. During the Common practice period (between about 16), this interval came to be heard either as a dissonance (when appearing as a suspension requiring resolution in the voice leading) or as a consonance (when the tonic of the chord appears in parts higher than the fifth of the chord). Quartal harmony refers to chords stacked entirely (or mostly) in fourths. Also referred to as quartal or quintal harmony when the chords are built by stacking fourths or fifths, respectively.

In the Middle Ages, simultaneous notes a fourth apart were heard as a consonance. Some composers who have featured quartal or quintal harmonies in their work include Arnold Schoenberg, Béla Bartók, and Steve Reich.

Parallel developments in both vocal and instrumental music, occurred in the traditional music of many non-western cultures.

Well known musical compositions quartal harmony